CD1a+ and CD207+ cells are reduced in oral submucous fibrosis and oral squamous cell carcinoma

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study investigated the distribution of immature dendritic cells (DCs), Langer-hans cells and plasmacytoid DCs in oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF), OSMF associated with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSMF-OSCC), oral leukoplakia (OL), and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fourteen cases of OSMF, 9 of OSMF-OSCC, 8 of OL ̧ 45 of OSCC and 8 of normal epi-thelium were retrospectively retrieved and their diagnoses confirmed. Immunoreactions against CD1a, CD207 e CD303 were performed and the number of positive cells quantified. RESULTS: A significant decrease of CD1a+ was found in OSMF (p≤0.05), OSMF-OSCC (p ≤ 0.01), and OSCC (p ≤ 0.001) when compared to normal epithelium. For CD207+ the significance decrease was observed in OSMF-OSCC (p ≤ 0.05), and OSCC (p ≤ 0.01) when compared with normal epithelium, and in OSMF when compared with OL (p ≤ 0.05). There was no significant difference for CD303, but increased in CD303+ was observed in OSCC when compared with normal epithelium. CONCLUSION: The decrease in the number of CD1a+ and CD207+ cells may be associate to the development of oral OSCC, and in OPMDs they might be indicators of malignant transformation

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Looking Beyond Tobacco and Alcohol: The Role of Lifestyle and Other Environmental Risk Factors for Laryngeal Cancer

Laryngeal cancer incidence in São Paulo, Brazil, is one of the highest in the world. OBJECTIVE: This hospitalbasedcase-control study was designed to investigate exposure-disease relationship between larynx cancer andsmoking and drinking history, diet, occupational exposures and other characteristics. MATERIAL ANDMETHODS: The study was conducted in 3 metropolitan areas in Brazil: São Paulo (South-east), Curitiba (South)and Goiânia (Central-west). We have analyzed information on demographics, occupational history, environmental exposures, tobacco smoking and alcoholdrinking habits obtained from interviews with 194 cases and 804 controls (non-cancer inpatients) matched on 5-year age group, gender, hospital catchments area, and trimester of admission. RESULTS: Tobacco and alcohol consumption were the most important factors for prediction of laryngeal cancer. Other important riskfactors were indoor exposure to wood stove fumes (RR=2.6), woodworking (RR=1.9), family history of cancer(RR=2.1), and high consumption of coffee and “chimarrão”(a kind of maté tea ). There was a protective effect for the consumption of citric fruits and forcarotene-rich vegetables. CONCLUSION: regionally specific lifestyle (“chimarrão”, high consumption of woodworking, and family history of cancer may be responsible for a substantial proportion of incidentlaryngeal cancer cases.